Why does the heating boiler smoke and what to do in such a situation

Sometimes right after the boiler is lighted, smoke goes inside the room. This may be due to the weather and a long pause in the operation of the unit - the temperature in the room was equal to that on the street and the draft was gone. In this situation, you just need to wait until the chimney warms up and normal air circulation is restored. If the combustion products return to the room often and regardless of the temperature difference - it is worth being wary. After all, this indicates a serious malfunction in the system.

Causes of boiler smoke

Some signs help determine what to look at first when a child and soot appear in the room. Conventionally, the causes of smoke can be divided into 4 groups:

1. Flue pipe clogging is one of the most common problems. This can be either a foreign object that has fallen from outside, or the result of using low-quality fuel.
2. The mismatch between the chimney of the boiler power or the height of the building is less common and is detected almost immediately, during the first floods. In a situation where at first everything was fine, and then it started to smoke, this reason should not be considered.
3. Chimney damage is the least likely case. But if the boiler fumes at the beginning of the new heating season, then the inspection of the pipe should be one of the first tasks.
4. Weather conditions affect natural draft in only two cases: a low chimney height and improper location of the fresh air intake point.

ATTENTION! A problem that occurred immediately after installation of the equipment indicates errors made during installation.

The smoker should be raised above the ridge of the roof. The diameter of the pipe is selected in strict accordance with the power of the boiler: a small section simply can not cope with the removal of smoke from a serious furnace. You should also avoid right angles in places where the pipe changes direction - this makes it difficult to circulate air, which is not the best way to affect traction. Visual inspection allows you to identify these shortcomings and eliminate them.

If a gas boiler smokes

In addition to errors associated with improper installation of the equipment, an important role in the operation of the unit is played by fuel quality. This issue is especially relevant when using liquefied gas from a cylinder.

After burning clean fuel, a small amount of dry soot remains. The flakes accumulated in the pipe of this substance are easily eliminated. It is enough to tap the chimney from the outside and remove the crumbling soot through the technical window.

After gas combustion with a large number of impurities on the walls of the chimney, gradually narrowing the clearance, sticks greasy soot. It is quite difficult to clear this substance. A regular pipe ruff may be useless. In such a situation, it would be best to dismantle the smoker and clean its components individually.

Quite often, a gas boiler smokes due to improper adjustment of the flame intensity. If the user, in violation of all instructions, turned on the cold boiler burner at full power, the appearance of smoke will become a natural result. The problem can be avoided by gradually increasing the combustion temperature after kindling.

Solid fuel boiler problems

Sometimes the heater fumes due to the banal filling of the ash pan. Before looking for another possible source of problems, you should release the blower and check the condition of the grate.

The second most common solid fuel boiler problem is a chimney clogging. The reason is low-quality fuel. When using raw firewood or wood with a high resin content, not only soot is formed that easily crumbles after tapping the chimney hood. Resinous soot with a high moisture content firmly adheres to the walls, after which it hardens and narrows the diameter of the pipe.

ATTENTION! If raw firewood is used and proper smoke insulation is not available, this will lead to condensation. In combination with soot, it turns into a caustic substance that can damage the chimney. When the pipe is corroded, the traction is broken.

What to do if the boiler smokes

Regardless of why the child began to appear, it is necessary to stop the kindling and conduct a visual inspection of the equipment for damage.

IMPORTANT! Particular attention should be paid to the draft stabilizer if it is integrated into the exhaust system. Sometimes it’s enough to adjust the confuser or check the status of the interrupting valve to get rid of problems for a long time.

Smoke immediately after installation of the equipment indicates errors made during installation. In this case, it is necessary to double-check all the nodes and connections in order to verify the integrity of the chimney and the correctness of its installation.

At the beginning of the heating season, smoke in the boiler room indicates a clogged or damaged exhaust system. Usually, after troubleshooting, traction is restored.

If the gas boiler fumes at startup, and then everything gets better, it makes sense to check the burner. Clogged, it not only “pleases” with soot, but also reduces the performance of the unit. In a solid fuel boiler, the cause of "starting" smoke is often the low quality of firewood.

Backdraft - why it appears and how to fix it

It is recommended to install the boiler in such a way that the window leaf and the smokers are located on one side. Failure to comply with the rule in a small building is infrequent, but can do without consequences. In a high-rise building in windy weather, this can cause a pressure difference. Violation of the norm in this case leads to the appearance of reverse thrust.

Often, a boiler that has not been chipped before passes a cloud of smoke into the room at the time of kindling after it has completely cooled down. For normal exhaust gas removal, it is necessary that the boiler room is warmer than on the street. Violation of this rule leads to a logical result - the draft will not be restored until the heating equipment warms up.

REFERENCE! It is simple to determine the direction of the air flow in the chimney: it is necessary to bring a lit match to the furnace door. A flame extending towards the boiler indicates that everything is normal. If the light flickers or deviates in the opposite direction, this indicates the appearance of reverse traction.

You can restore normal air circulation using a simple method - light the paper, after placing it closer to the chimney. In this case, the ash pan is left open, and the furnace door is closed tightly. Attempts are repeated until smoke from the chimney appears, indicating the restoration of normal traction. After such a signal, you can safely start the heating boiler, without fear that it will start fading.